The importance of lighting in interior design cannot be overstated: done right, it not only accentuates a space's architectural features but also makes inhabitants feel at ease. As Carmelo Zappulla of Lighting Studio External Reference explains in an interview with Architonic, light is a crucial tool to add an emotional element and 'animate a space.'
There are a plethora of artificial lighting options to choose from. Which works best is usually determined by the nature of the interior they're in and the desired spatial effect. One of the most common is indirect lighting. This technique uses fixtures to aim light onto surfaces that act as reflectors, softening the emitted rays to prevent pillar-like, bulky beams in favor of a more evenly distributed glow.
Indirect lighting minimizes shadows and reflected glare, making it particularly appropriate for rooms with reflective surfaces such as computers, mirrors, or televisions.
Related Article
‘You Cannot Consider Space Without Light’: Carmelo Zappulla of External ReferencePresented by Architonic
To illustrate the effectiveness of indirect lighting, we've rounded up examples across five different interior typologies that show how this form of illumination can elevate a variety of spaces beyond their four walls.
Wellness interiors
Hotel, commercial, or private spa and wellness areas are some of the most common interior spaces that make use of indirect light's diffused glow. Fixtures here often take organic shapes such as circles or waves, echoing the soothing and visually appealing effect of their surroundings. One example of this is Simone Micheli's Aquatio Cave Luxury Hotel & SPA in Matera, Italy, which uses 'discrete lighting fixtures, strategically positioned to create unique scenographic effects', as explained by the architects.
Other times, hidden LED strips are used to highlight specific architectural features such as textured walls and pools or identify and separate relaxation zones from their active counterparts. For the spa at Hotel MINHO in Portugal Vila Nova de Cerveira, for example, architects Virgula i employed wall panels 'cladded in local chestnut wood... with the right tone of light and warmth' to make its visitors feel at ease both in the pool area and individual treatment rooms.
Residential interiors
As far as residential interiors are concerned, bathrooms and kitchens are two prominent candidates for indirect light accents due to their multitude of reflective surfaces. Similar to more public wellness areas, private bathrooms also benefit from the flattering nature of light reflected off an additional surface which creates a warm and relaxing atmosphere, not to mention an often improved mirror appearance. AXII Apartment in Madrid, Spain, by ADOM-STUDIO makes sure its inhabitants are always standing in the right light through backlit circular mirrors and hidden ceiling LED strips.
In kitchens, designers can visually elevate features such as an island, backsplash, or open cabinets through the purposeful use of indirect light sources. In addition to highlighting an all-white backsplash for their Apartment JC II project in Portugal, João Tiago Aguiar Arquitectos chose to draw the gaze up and underline the historic space's beautiful crown molding.
Office interiors
Places of work are arguably the most screen-dense and thus benefit just as much from indirect light sources as kitchens or bathrooms. Another quality that makes this type of lighting particularly suited to high-stress environments: is its soothing emotional effect. By supplementing task lights above or on desks with indirect light sources in common areas or break rooms, employers can offer staff clearly defined zones of respite from their daily duties and increase overall well-being and happiness for higher productivity levels.
The Young Space office of an IT firm in Zurich, Switzerland, by Daniele Claudio Taddei helps its employees feel connected through a "35 m long back-lighted library [that] gives a distinctive character to the room" and creates visual warmth. Warmth is also what Cai-In Interior Design was after for the Rhetoric of Space offices in Taipei City, China. This is achieved through a highly unusual lobby area, where 'gaps were deliberately left in the wooden walls to introduce silvers of light that complement the indirect lighting, forming a warm and serene space.'
Retail interiors
Retail interiors also often use the soothing effect of indirect light to their advantage. By creating a warm atmosphere that invites visitors to linger, indirect lighting design such as the one at the cavernous Haight Clothing Store by AIA Estúdio and Raphael Tepedino in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, enables store staff to have more prolonged conversations with prospective clients. In addition, indirect light flatters inanimate objects just as much as our mirror images, making it a perfect double punch.
The merchandise at RtA's store in the popular shopping neighborhood of SoHo, New York City, by Dan Brunn Architecture is lit up by red light strips that hover underneath an 'immense, 40’ x 3.5’ mirrored sculpture of Baccarat crystal' created by the architect, as well as along the brick walls and around the arched changing rooms, providing a tempting atmosphere to dwell in.
Cultural interiors
In public, cultural spaces such as museums, libraries, or art galleries, indirect light is equally useful. By positioning light sources so their rays reflect off a surface onto display objects or illuminate their backgrounds, light designers can draw the viewers’ eye in a way that is more subtle than direct spotlights. The resulting effect imbues its dedicated subject with a mysterious quality ideal for underlining impactful pieces of art or old books without risking heat damage or overt tackiness.
The Water Drop Library in Huizhou, China, by 3andwich Design/He Wei Studio uses indirect light in this way to accentuate their colorful floor-to-ceiling bookshelves, which are 'arranged in a ring along the inner wall' and draw attention with their spines that stand in stark contrast to the otherwise white interiors. Mexico's Coffee Museum in Cordoba by M+DA Arquitectos uses indirect lighting to highlight the material of its gift shop display shelves: henequen, described by the architects as "a hard fiber from the Mexican agave leaf [that] replicates the fabric of the coffee sacks which due to its texture and color bring warmth to the space."
